Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) is a revolutionary technique in assisted reproductive technology (ART) that has transformed the lives of countless couples facing male infertility. This advanced method enhances fertilisation by directly injecting a single sperm into an egg, significantly increasing the chances of conception.

How Does Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Work?

The ICSI process is a refined version of in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) that involves the following steps:

1. Ovarian Stimulation: The female partner undergoes hormonal treatment to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs.
2. Egg Retrieval: Mature eggs are collected from the ovaries through a minor surgical procedure.
3. Sperm Collection and Selection: Sperm is retrieved from the male partner and examined under a microscope to select the healthiest and most motile sperm.
4. Microinjection: A single sperm is injected directly into the egg using a specialised needle, facilitating fertilisation.
5. Embryo Culture: The fertilised egg (embryo) is cultured in a lab for a few days before being transferred into the woman’s uterus.
6. Embryo Transfer: The best-quality embryo is implanted in the uterus, followed by a two-week waiting period to confirm pregnancy.

Who Can Benefit from Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection?

ICSI is particularly beneficial for couples facing:

• Severe male infertility, including low sperm count, poor motility, or abnormal morphology.
• Unsuccessful fertilisation in previous IVF cycles.
• Blockage or absence of sperm in the ejaculate, requiring surgical sperm retrieval.
• Unexplained infertility where conventional IVF has not been successful.

Success Rate of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection

The success of ICSI depends on various factors, including the age of the woman, egg and sperm quality, and overall reproductive health. On average, ICSI offers a fertilization rate of 70–80%, with pregnancy rates varying between 40–50% per cycle. Consulting with an experienced fertility specialist at Samad Hospital, the best IVF Hospital in Trivandrum can improve the chances of a successful outcome.

Advantages of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection

• Higher Fertilisation Rate: Unlike conventional IVF, where sperm must penetrate the egg naturally, ICSI ensures direct fertilization.
• Solution for Male Infertility: It offers hope for couples with severe male factor infertility.
• Increased Embryo Development Chances: The direct sperm injection method enhances embryo formation, improving success rates.
• Suitable for Frozen Sperm: ICSI can be performed using frozen sperm, making it ideal for cancer patients who have stored sperm before treatment.

Risks and Considerations of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection

While ICSI is a safe and effective procedure, some considerations include:

• Egg Damage: The process may cause minor damage to the egg, affecting fertilization.
• Birth Defects: Some studies suggest a slightly higher risk of genetic abnormalities compared to natural conception. However, this risk is minimal.
• Multiple Pregnancy: If multiple embryos are transferred, there is a higher chance of twins or triplets, which may lead to complications during pregnancy.

Preparing for Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection

Couples undergoing ICSI should follow these preparatory steps:

• Medical Consultation: Discuss fertility history, lifestyle, and health conditions with a specialist.
• Lifestyle Changes: A healthy diet, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking and alcohol improve sperm and egg quality.
• Genetic Screening: Some couples may undergo genetic testing to rule out inherited disorders that could impact embryo development.

Post-Procedure Care and Expectations

After the embryo transfer, couples should:

• Follow prescribed medications and hormonal support.
• Maintain a stress-free lifestyle and avoid strenuous activities.
• Wait for two weeks before taking a pregnancy test for accurate results.

Conclusion

Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) is a game-changer in fertility treatments, offering renewed hope to couples struggling with infertility. By opting for this procedure at a reputed facility like Samad Hospital, the best IVF Hospital in Trivandrum, patients can access top-tier fertility care and expertise. If you’re considering ICSI, consult with a fertility specialist to determine the best course of action for your parenthood journey.